机器人焊接工作站的组成部分有哪些？机器人焊接工作站的布局是根据产品的需求来设计的，一般弧焊机器人系统主要是由机器人、焊机、焊枪和电气控制等设备组成。对于重磅板弧焊机器人焊接工作站，设备主要是由发那科机器人、林肯焊机、TBI焊枪、简易的焊接工装以及电气控制柜等设备组成。

What are the components of a robot welding workstation? The layout of the robot welding workstation is designed according to the requirements of the product. Generally, the arc welding robot system is mainly composed of robots, welding machines, welding guns, and electrical control equipment. For the heavy-duty plate arc welding robot welding workstation, the equipment mainly consists of Fanuc robots, Lincoln welding machines, TBI welding guns, simple welding fixtures, and electrical control cabinets.

1. 焊接机器人

1. Welding robot

机器人焊接工作站选择的机器人型号为SAIBON-1765，此机器人属于中空结构手腕，电缆内置，第6轴手腕端部可承受的重量为20kg。焊接机器人通过采用高刚性手臂和的伺服技术，提高了机器人各个运动轴的加速度性能，缩短了动作时间，从而实现了高的生产率。此机器人的型号选择基于覆盖所需要焊接的工件直径变化的范围。

The robot model selected for the robot welding workstation is SAIBON-1765. This robot belongs to a hollow structure wrist with built-in cables. The end of the 6th axis wrist can withstand a weight of 20kg. The welding robot improves the acceleration performance of each motion axis of the robot, shortens the action time, and achieves high productivity by adopting high rigidity arms and advanced servo technology. The model selection of this robot is based on the range of changes in the diameter of the workpiece to be welded for coverage.

2. 焊机

2. Welding machine

焊机具有高性能焊接系统，可以通过系统数据提高生产力，保证焊接质量降低成本等优势，在重工行业得到广泛应用。焊机可以输出的电流变化范围较大，从5-550A，当整个电路为100%暂载率时，电流可以一直稳定在450A。此范围的电流完全可以满足现有的工件焊接生产所需要的电流。机器人主要是对焊接电源状态的控制：送丝、退丝、送气和焊接；对焊接参数的控制：电压控制、焊接电流、送丝速度控制。焊接电源也同时给机器人的反馈信号：电弧电压、焊接电流、粘丝信号和引弧成功信号等。通信方式安装简单，通过网络接头即可实现。

Welding machines have high-performance welding systems that can improve productivity, ensure welding quality, and reduce costs through system data. They are widely used in the heavy industry. The welding machine can output a wide range of current changes, ranging from 5-550A. When the entire circuit is at 100% temporary load, the current can remain stable at 450A. The current within this range can fully meet the current requirements for existing workpiece welding production. Robots mainly control the status of welding power supply, including wire feeding, wire withdrawal, gas supply, and welding; Control of welding parameters: voltage control, welding current control, wire feeding speed control. The welding power supply also provides feedback signals to the robot, including arc voltage, welding current, wire sticking signal, and successful arc ignition signal. The communication method is easy to install and can be achieved through network connectors.

3. 水箱和焊枪选型

3. Selection of water tank and welding gun

水箱作用主要是给焊枪进行冷却的。在工作站设计时，水箱位置传感器通过电线接入到PLC控制柜中，当水箱中的水降到某一个位置时，整个工作站电气控制柜会通知三色灯进行报警，告诉操作者给水箱加水，保证了焊枪能够长久使用，不会被焊接的时候因没有冷却水将焊枪烧坏。枪体外套管是由一整块特质高钢性不锈钢通过CNC设备整体加工而成，非常强壮，配合TBI高吸能防碰撞传感器工作时，即使发生碰撞也不用重新校枪。机器人焊接工作站选择了水冷式的机器人焊枪，散热快，降温及时，焊枪的冷却效果充分，避免导电嘴过烧，从而延长了导电嘴的寿命。

The main function of the water tank is to cool the welding gun. In the design of the workstation, the water tank position sensor is connected to the PLC control cabinet through wires. When the water in the water tank drops to a certain position, the electrical control cabinet of the entire workstation will notify a three color light to alarm, telling the operator to add water to the water tank, ensuring that the welding gun can be used for a long time and will not be burned out due to lack of cooling water during welding. The outer sleeve of the gun body is made of a whole piece of high-quality stainless steel processed by CNC equipment, which is very strong. When working with TBI high energy absorption anti-collision sensors, even if a collision occurs, there is no need to recalibrate the gun. The robot welding workstation has chosen a water-cooled robot welding gun, which has fast heat dissipation and timely cooling. The cooling effect of the welding gun is sufficient to avoid overheating of the conductive nozzle, thereby extending the service life of the conductive nozzle.

4. 清枪装置和防撞器选型

4. Selection of gun cleaning device and anti-collision device

清枪装置包含焊枪清理、剪丝、喷硅油三个功能，具有如下特点：清枪装置的喷硅油装置采用了双喷嘴交叉喷射，使硅油能更好地到达焊枪喷嘴的内表面，确保焊渣与喷嘴不会发生死粘连。内置式喷油装置由机器人通过电磁阀控制。相对封闭的喷油仓避免了油雾污染问题。相比其他，电气布置非常简单。

The cleaning device includes three functions: welding gun cleaning, wire cutting, and silicon oil spraying. It has the following characteristics: the silicon oil spraying device of the cleaning device adopts a double nozzle cross spraying, which allows the silicon oil to better reach the inner surface of the welding gun nozzle, ensuring that the welding slag and the nozzle do not have life and death adhesion. The built-in fuel injection device is controlled by a robot through an electromagnetic valve. The relatively enclosed fuel injection chamber avoids the problem of oil mist pollution. Compared to other brands, the electrical layout is very simple.